Thursday, November 28, 2019
DNA and Genetic Privacy Essay Example
DNA and Genetic Privacy Essay The Merriam-Websterââ¬â¢s Collegiate Dictionary emphasizes that privacy is ââ¬Å"freedom from unauthorized intrusionâ⬠(Dictionary). Genetic privacy is just that, something to be kept a personal affair and kept from illicit incursion.Oneââ¬â¢s genetic information should be kept out of the hands of the insurance agencies and, in special cases, law enforcement. A gene is hereditary material located in the DNA of a cell. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the part of the cell that carries chemical information that determines an organismââ¬â¢s characteristics stand for adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, respectively.When put together they form a gene sequence, which is part of a DNA strand. To find these base pairs, experts use a technique known as DNA sequencing. DNA sequencing is indirectly reading the base pairs in a gene sequence through chemical reactions.Once a gene sequence has been found, DNA sequencing can be used to find out what it does and why it performs in that manner. Once DNA sequencing is used on an individual, they see a specialist to deal with the possible emotion problems caused by discovery of potential health risks. Genetic counseling as defined by the American Society of Human Genetics ââ¬Å"a communication process which deals with the human problems, such as depression associated with the occurrence, or risk of occurrence, of a genetic disorder in a family.â⬠Genes predispose but do not dictate our future.We are a U made up of genes, but genes are not all that we are. Environmental factors may determine our future as much as our genes, and our interaction with our environment is volatile (Annas 20). We will write a custom essay sample on DNA and Genetic Privacy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on DNA and Genetic Privacy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on DNA and Genetic Privacy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Genetic information is uniquely private information, more so than other medical information like HIV status or mental health, for three reasons:It can predict an individualââ¬â¢s likely medical future; it divulges personal information about oneââ¬â¢s parents, siblings, and children; and it has a history of being used to
Sunday, November 24, 2019
How to Write a Great Book Dedication
How to Write a Great Book Dedication Creating a literary piece is not an easy task. It takes much time, effort, and dedication to produce a book, and it is essential to show gratitude to those who helped or inspired you on your path. While the dedication doesnt have to be lengthy, it is a very personal addition to the start of your book and, therefore, requires substantial thought.When were book dedications first used?Dedications were first used in the classical times. Authors often had more reasons to write dedications than simply to mention someone they wanted to thank. Books and other literary works were often financed by patrons who chose the author for a particular reason. Some works were commissioned, sometimes even by the Queen of England (for example, Shakespeare was commissioned by the Queen to write Henry VIII). Sometimes authors received gifts of encouragement from their patrons. In response to this support, the author thanked their patron with a tribute in a dedication.The original dedication format containe d a sentence such as This book is dedicated to a high-standing personality or city, etc. Having a good dedication signaled to other patrons that they too could enjoy similar recognition if they supported that author for a work of their own. Therefore, dedications were often elaborate in wording.Themes of dedicationsDedications can simply offer thanks to a monetary supporter or an emotional supporter, or they can make a political statement. For example, in her book Beloved, Toni Morrison made a dedication to Sixty Million and more. This was a reference to the number of slaves who died as part of the slave trade.Certain authors use the dedication as a way to show the tastes of society or to shock society with an audacious statement. In modern dedications, authors have made statements that are mixed in nature, putting together statements of thanks, love, political opinion, hope, and humor.As you consider what you want your dedication to be like, consider your own personality and what t he work has meant to you. This part of writing a book is all about adding the final touch, which represents who you are as the author and what you want the world to know about you before they begin reading.Focusing the dedicationStep 1 - Make a list of whom you might want to include in the dedication.Is there one person or a group of people who were the impetus for your work? What inspired you to write? Make a list of these people. If there was someone who inspired the main character or any of the other characters in the book, include them on the list as well.Also, you should consider if you want to dedicate the book to people you know personally, or to people you do not know personally but whom you admire. Dont be afraid to put everyone on this list at this point. You will be able to narrow your list later on if you wish.Step 2 - Write down people you do not want in the dedication.Once you have the first list finished, make a second list of people who you dont think are appropria te for the dedication. This will help you to narrow down your first list, or it might help you to focus more for the next step. For example, while you may think you want to put your newborn daughter in a dedication, if the book is an adult romance novel, it might not be appropriate to dedicate the book to her.Step 3 - List the main themes in your book.Examine the themes presented throughout your book. Make a list of those themes, and consider if there are people in your life who might represent those themes or who might have helped - knowingly or unknowingly - provide inspiration for those particular themes. Sometimes this examination can bring to light people whom you did not initially consider to have helped you to write the book, but without whom you wouldnt have a robust story to tell.For example, if you have wanted to write a book about overcoming adversity and finally did it, you may want to call attention to those people who caused you to face adversity. Without them, you might not have had the perspective needed or the desire to write such a book.Step 4 - Why do you want to dedicate the book to them?When you decide to whom you want to dedicate the book, it is important to note all the reasons why you chose them. Did they encourage you on your lowest days? Did they provide sustenance as you worked through the nights? Did they support you monetarily? What about direct contributions? Did they give their input on characters or dialogue?There are so many ways that people help us as we write, and its important when writing a book dedication to get all the reasons in front of us. This helps us to choose what we are most grateful for. While a book dedication can be as short or as long as you want it to be, you want to get it just right. Once its in print, it takes some doing to change it.Step 5 - Did you promise a dedication?Sometimes writers will agree to dedicate their book to someone. This happens either with friends who simply want a mention or family members who helped you in exchange for a dedication - just like the patrons of old. Consider if this is a request that you want to keep.While promises are important, book dedications are personal and provide meaningful closure to the writing process. Sometimes, throughout the book writing process, promises made at the beginning dont hold up at the end. What if you made a promise to someone you are no longer in contact with? Is it worth including a dedication to them? If you dont want to put someones name in the dedication, then you dont have to. Still, they might be hurt or offended to discover that you did not include them.Does a book dedication have to be to a person?A book dedication does not need to be made to a person. If you feel like coffee or energy drinks were the main source of inspiration, then by all means feel free to make a dedication to them. There are no rules for dedications, so do whatever your heart says is right for your book.What should you say in your dedicat ion?The beginningTo start off your dedication, choose something that fits to whom or what it is. For example, you could start out with In memory of if you are making a dedication to a deceased individual. You could also use To, For, or In honor of.Include a piece of yourselfOnce you have decided on the beginning words, continue to the dedication itself. Because the book is the result of your own hard work, make sure to include several aspects of your personality. If you consider yourself to be funny or light-hearted, then include some humor in your dedication. This is especially impactful if you have included humor in your book. Remember, the dedication gives the reader a little insight into you as the author, so start the book out with the right tone.If you consider yourself to be a more formal person or if you want the dedication to have a serious tone, then phrase your dedication using formal terms and thoughts. In one good example of personality in the dedication, Neil Gaiman wo rded his dedications using you without specifically identifying who the person is.You know how it is. You pick up a book, flip to the dedication, and find that, once again, the author has dedicated a book to someone else and not to you.Not this time.Because we havent yet met/have only a glancing acquaintance/are just crazy about each other/havent seen each other in much too long/are in some way related/will never meet, but will, I trust, despite that, always think fondly of each other!This ones for you.With you know what, and you probably know why.Neil Gaiman, Anansi BoysConsider the subjectYou also want to ensure that the way in which you write the book dedication represents the person or thing being named in the dedication. If you are dedicating the book to a person, think about some personal discussions you have had with that person, inside jokes, or even significant experiences you shared with each other that may have influenced the book. Keep it personal to that person.For exam ple:George R.R. Martin in A Storm of Swords dedicated the book as: For Phyllis, who made me put the dragons in.Carl Sagan in Cosmos: In the vastness of space and immensity of time, it is my joy to spend a planet and an epoch with Annie.Set the tone for the books themeAs mentioned earlier, the book dedication can be a place where you acknowledge someones contribution to the theme. In doing this, you will set the tone for the book and build up the reader to experience the theme youve created. If the theme is political, then it makes sense to include some wording that is politically driven. If the theme is romance, then have a dedication that is softer and includes a message of love to whomever the dedication is.Include other types of writingIf you have a favorite quote or poem, feel free to use that as a dedication. It is recommended to use a quote or a piece of poetry that fits with the theme and tone of the book, but that is not a requirement. Again, include something that comes fro m your heart or personality. The quote could be from a friend or relative, or even one of your characters.Completing the dedicationOnce you have finished deciding to whom to make the dedication, choosing a style and tone, and writing the dedication, you will need to put effort into finalizing it for publication.Be sure to edit the dedication. Make sure there are no typos or misspellings, especially when it comes to names. The last thing you want is to misspell the name of the person to whom you are dedicating the book.If there are formatting requirements from the publisher or for your eBook, make sure you have followed those guidelines. If you ended up using a poem, make sure to retain any special formatting in the original work.Lastly, it is courteous to notify the person or persons that you are dedicating your book to them. Sometimes it could be a nice surprise, but most often it is polite to give a heads up before the publication is complete.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Success Stories Result of effective strategy Essay
Success Stories Result of effective strategy - Essay Example Employee empowerment is a great technique that is used to unleash the complete potential of the human resources of an organization. Employee empowerment revolves around the idea that employees take personal responsibility and pride in their work if they are given the power of decision making and involved in the overall strategy making. This helps them to take personal responsibility, i.e., empowered employees tend to be more proactive. This will help an organization to reach its goals. Companies empower employees by creating a supportive environment and reducing the barriers inside an organization. Best example of Employee Empowerment at use is Google. Google has tasted tremendous success by using the employee empowerment strategy. The main challenge ahead of Google after it became such a huge success was to continuously innovate and differentiate itself from the competition. But a traditional approach would limit employees to work an innovative and new idea until and unless it was approved to be a potential product. Google overcame this by empowering the employees to speak up when ever they had a new idea irrespective of the idea being related to their actual work. Google believed that it was not just necessary to encourage employees but empower them to change the world. Any resource needed for the employees to focus was made available. An initiative that highlights Googleââ¬â¢s commitment to employee empowerment is the ââ¬Å"20 percent time programâ⬠(Yap, 2011). This initiative allowed them to dedicate 1/5 of their time in the company to work an idea of their interest. The result of this strategy has been astonishing as it has helped Google to come up with many new products that have given the company a new identity. An example of this is Google News which was a result of this strategy. Employee empowerment strategy leads to specific action as it helps to improve the morale of the employees, job satisfaction and motivates them to perform better. Employees identify with the ideology of the company take pride and personal responsibility. This leads to action from them to better the overall productivity (Bailey, 2009). The problem of in novation could also have been tackled in a different way. Employees can be given power to form their own teams with whom they can innovate. This team must be given all the resources and the power needed to start and complete a project from scratch before it is pit forward for approval. Penetration Pricing Penetration pricing is a marketing strategy that a company uses in order to penetrate a market and increase the market share. In this strategy, a company prices its products or service at a lower cost than the normal with an intention to gain greater and faster market acceptance or to increase the already existing market share. This strategy in most cases can be short term and in some cases can be a long term strategy. This strategy also discourages any new company entering the niche market (Longenecker et al., 2005). Sun Microsystems used the penetration pricing strategy in order to increase its market share in desktop software segment which was mainly dominated by Microsoft. The pricing of products of SUN Microsystems was set at a price of 40%-50% of that Microsoft. This helped the company achieve a better market share and hence increase the business. This strategy was adopted as SUN Microsystems had found it increasingly difficult to penetrate the desktop software product. The theory has lead to action from the mass customers as they could now get genuine software at
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